Monday, 27 January 2014
23 Hello Bill Haley and his Comets - Shake, Rattle And Roll
Chart entered : 17 December 1954
Chart peak : 4
Number of hits : 11*
We're talking a major milestone here. There's still a lively controversy around Haley and his legacy which we'll come to shortly but this was indisputably the first rock and roll record to make the UK chart. No previous hit sounds remotely like this. They were also the first rock or pop group as we know it now ; all previous collectives were either orchestras or vocal ensembles . While the sextet were not the to-be-classic guitar bass drums line up they pointed the way to it.
So how did we get here ? Bill must be the most maligned figure in rock's history. He's never mentioned without a slighting reference to his age ( in fact he was only 29 ) and weight. In the search for a ( preferably black ) alternative to him as the originator of rock and roll he's been presented as music's Cecil Rhodes, an arch-exploiter of black creativity. You get the feeling that nothing would please some writers more than turning up Bill's KKK membership card or some other Larkinesque indiscretion. And as we shall see this particular record has been close to the centre of the debate.
So what's the reality ? Bill started out around 1949 in a country and western group Bill Haley and the Saddlemen in which he was noted for his yodelling. In 1951 they recorded a version of "Rocket 88" a rhythm and blues song recorded a few months earlier by Ike Turner though credited to Jackie Brenston. Encouraged by its sales the group turned towards more R & B material and changed their name to the less countrified Comets. In June 1953 they first cracked the US charts with Haley's own "Crazy Man Crazy" which is crude, raucous and repetitive but undeniably exciting. "Rock Around The Clock" followed in 1954 but this one beat it ( by two weeks ) into the UK charts.
"Shake Rattle And Roll" is controversial because Bill and the boys were covering a song that had already been a hit for Big Joe Turner, a bluesman earlier in the year. As we have already seen there was nothing unusual in multiple versions of the same song but Bill has been accused of pandering to racist sentiment by "polishing up" a black song. The original is unmistakably lascivious which further limited its airplay chances. Bill's producer Milt Gabler "cleaned up " the lyrics although the "one-eyed cat " line stayed in perhaps because Bill was in fact blind in one eye. Turner's rolling piano was jettisoned in favour of a honking saxophone, the walking bassline was replaced by slap bass and the Comets shout the title line at every opportunity. Although Bill's version was more likely to be taken as being about dancing there's enough of the original flavour left to make this the most sexual hit to date.
The Comets line up when this was a hit was Bill Haley (guitar/vocals), Johnny Grande (piano ) , Billy Williamson (steel guitar ), Marshall Lytle (bass) , Dick Richards ( drums ) and Joey Ambrose ( saxophone ). Bill's friend Danny Cidrone played guitar on the record but had his own group so was never an official Comet. In any case ten days after the recording he died after falling down a flight of stairs, surely rock and roll's first casualty.
* Bill had a twelfth "hit" with the "Rock And Roll Stage Show " LP ( which contained two of his single hits ) for one week in 1956 while NME made up its mind what to do about albums. Although absolutely part of chart history I regard this as an aberration and am not counting it. I don't know if any other artists are affected by this but they'll be treated the same way.
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From my perspective, I never had any of the "baggage" older people may do with Haley. To me, he was just some dude in the 50s who sang a couple of songs you'd hear on the radio now and again.
ReplyDeleteIt's a good, solid version, the best song so far on the list for me. Haley is a bit more smooth as a singer than Turner, but you do get the impression the band had a good time recording it.
Of course, the "white" act getting the big hit from a Blues/R&B song may well be coming up a fair bit in the 60s!